Heads up: Unfortunately (although maybe for the best), Google is no longer going to show aggregate ratings in your snippets for LocalBusiness or Organization types (and their respective subtypes), regardless of how carefully you mark them up. In other words, this article is no longer useful. Sorry

See here and here for more info!Review star rich snippets are a rather poorly understood feature of Google’s search results, especially for local businesses. There’s not a lot of clear information about how to trigger them, and what rules and guidelines you should be considering in your implementation.

Part of the problem is that it has been a moving target for the past few years. At first, pretty much any site could achieve review stars in their snippet by simply adding the aggregateRating schema markup to their pages. Then, with the emergence of JSON LD, doing this got even easier — and implementation (and abuse) increased accordingly.

The results were as you’d expect. SEO’s and DIY-ers were marking every page on their sites up for review stars. And this worked… for a time.

It’s still possible to trigger review stars by simply adding the aggregateRating value to your LocalBusiness schema markup — but the likelihood that this will work for you out of the box is low. More importantly, this approach violates many of Google’s guidelines and is just generally a spammy, junky practice that doesn’t help users make informed decisions; so even if it’s working on some sites right now, it’s not a recommended or sustainable approach.

The Rules

Google has clamped down on which sites/pages get stars in their rich snippets. Even if you do everything properly, you still may not see stars on every (or any) of the pages you want them on. The best bet, though, is to try to keep your implementation as above board as possible by following these rules:

These ones are mandatory and somewhat enforceable:

• Don’t use aggregateRating on your home page (they just won’t work and may be a spam signal)
• aggregateRating score must represent actual reviews that are all visible on your site
• If you don’t show the actual reviews on a given page, but are using aggregateRating schema, that page needs to clearly show the review score and link to the page where the reviews are visible
• Pages you put the aggregateRating score on must be relevant to the reviews
• Reviews should be unique to your site (not pulled from Google, Yelp, etc.)
  Note: you can put 3rd party reviews on your website, you just can’t mark them up for your rich snippet.

These ones are less enforceable, but still worth trying to oblige:

• You shouldn’t curate reviews (if you do, at least throw in a few 3’s and 4’s)
• You should have the user’s permission to publish their words
• Users should be able to add reviews (or at least make it look like they can)

Last but not least, it appears that in order for a page to trigger stars it needs to have some authority. Well linked/trafficked pages typically stand a better chance of having review stars in the SERP.

These rules are based on my interpretation of Mike Blumenthal’s interpretation of the current Google Guidelines for review snippets

Make it Happen

With the above parameters in mind, there are a couple ways to implement reviews on your site and remain above board while maximizing your chances of getting stars in your snippets.

Option A: Use review software

Some review systems will handle all the heavy lifting for you. Popular examples include:

• Whitespark Reputation Builder
• TrustPilot

Whitespark’s Reputation Builder is specifically built to help local businesses collect and monitor reviews, and makes displaying properly marked-up 1st party reviews on your site totally painless using the built-in Review Widget feature. This option is affordable, stress-free, and well worth considering. The alternative I describe below is actually based largely on mimicking Reputation Builder’s output.

TrustPilot is quite a bit pricier, and generally better suited to larger, national companies.

These systems make implementation easy by simply letting you pop a widget or a code snippet into your site. They aren’t free and do require a bit of commitment to implement and use, though, which might not be necessary if you’re only looking to get review stars in the SERP.

Option B: Roll your own review system

If you’re motivated, it’s pretty simple to whip up a basic review system for your website that adheres, for the most part, to Google’s guidelines (or at least enough that no one will know the difference).

This system could be anywhere on the complexity spectrum, based on your resources and needs. Here I’m going to illustrate an easy and free way to get the basics in place.

These instructions are based on using WordPress, but the general idea would apply to any platform. Here’s more info about including schema markup in your web pages.

Step 1

Make a testimonials/reviews page on your site, and fill it with customer reviews. Here’s one I built for a client that we’ll use as an example:

I used a custom post type for the reviews, but you could also just add them as static content.

Pro Tip: For a quick way to get those pretty review stars into your WordPress posts, here’s a handy plugin called Universal Star Rating. Be careful using other plugins, as many of them will inject their own review schema into your site and make things messy.

I give this plugin [usr 5]

Step 2

Mark up each review with the review schema. Google recommends using JSON LD, and so do we — so that’s what we’ll use here.

Example:

	{
	"@type": "Review",
	"author": "[X]",
	"datePublished": "[X]",
	"reviewBody": "[X]",
	"reviewRating": {
	"@type": "Rating",
	"bestRating": "[X]",
	"ratingValue": "[X]",
	"worstRating": "[X]"
	}
	}

view raw review.jsonld hosted with by GitHub

	<script type="application/ld+json">
	{
	"@context": "http://schema.org",
	"@type": "LocalBusiness",
	"name": "[X]",
	"address": {
	"@type": "PostalAddress",
	"streetAddress": "[X]",
	"addressLocality": "[X]",
	"addressRegion": "[X]",
	"postalCode": "[X]"
	},
	"telePhone": "[X]",
	"openingHours": "[X]",
	"geo": {
	"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
	"latitude": "[X]",
	"longitude": "[X]"
	},
	"url": "[X]",
	"logo": "[X]",
	"image": "[X]",
	"priceRange":"[X]",
	"aggregateRating": {
	"@type": "AggregateRating",
	"ratingValue": "[X]",
	"ratingCount": "[X]"
	}
	}
	</script>

view raw localbusiness-markup.jsonld hosted with by GitHub

Refer to schema.org for more info on completing these properties.

Bring it all together

Here’s the full JSON LD markup I used on the testimonials page (I only included two reviews in this example, but you’d re-use the review snippet for however many reviews you have on the page).

	<script type="application/ld+json">
	{
	"@context": "http://schema.org",
	"@type": "AutoDealer",
	"name": "King of Cars",
	"address": {
	"@type": "PostalAddress",
	"streetAddress": "3401 Spencer Hwy",
	"addressLocality": "Pasadena",
	"addressRegion": "TX",
	"postalCode": "77504"
	},
	"telePhone": "713-472-5464",
	"openingHours": "Mo,Tu,We,Th,Fr,Sa 21:00-07:00",
	"geo": {
	"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
	"latitude": "29.665375",
	"longitude": "-95.192466"
	},
	"url": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/",
	"logo": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/site-logo.png",
	"image": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/king-of-cars-houston.jpg",
	"priceRange":"$$",
	"aggregateRating": {
	"@type": "AggregateRating",
	"ratingValue": "4.75",
	"ratingCount": "2"
	},
	"review": [
	{
	"@type": "Review",
	"author": "Michael Hammer",
	"datePublished": "2017-03-05",
	"reviewBody": "The staff is friendly and were able to answer my questions without pause. I’m very happy with the trans am and would do business with them again and recommend them to friends and family. I would say if you’re looking for a car this should be your first and only stop. Arron did a great job helping through the buying experience. He was a great salesman and would be the guy I would talk to.",
	"reviewRating": {
	"@type": "Rating",
	"bestRating": "5",
	"ratingValue": "5",
	"worstRating": "1"
	}
	},
	{
	"@type": "Review",
	"author": "Katrina Flowers",
	"datePublished": "2016-10-17",
	"reviewBody": "With the staff, the cleanliness and quality of the vehicles sold by King of Cars. I would highly recommend to a friend. We experienced a little equipment hiccup during my process but it was rectified. Thank you Pedro Herrera for your professionalism and assistance. I look forward to future purchases from King of Cars. I purchased a 2013 Chrysler 200 Touring.",
	"reviewRating": {
	"@type": "Rating",
	"bestRating": "5",
	"ratingValue": "4",
	"worstRating": "1"
	}
	}
	]
	}
	</script>

view raw testimonial-page.jsonld hosted with by GitHub

Use Google’s Structured Data Testing Tool to check your work. Warnings are OK (but don’t disregard them), Errors must be corrected.

Step 3

Add a “leave a review” form somewhere to the Testimonials page. You could build a whole system that moderates submissions and then publishes them on the page (like Reputation Builder does)… or you could not. No one will know ¯_(ツ)_/¯

Step 4

Add your LocalBusiness and aggregateRating schema to other pertinent pages on your site. Common examples would be your Services page(s) and About us page. Avoid things like blog posts, resources pages, and anything else where the reviews aren’t applicable. I’d also just avoid putting it on too many pages in general. Example:

	<script type="application/ld+json">
	{
	"@context": "http://schema.org",
	"@type": "AutoDealer",
	"name": "King of Cars",
	"address": {
	"@type": "PostalAddress",
	"streetAddress": "3401 Spencer Hwy",
	"addressLocality": "Pasadena",
	"addressRegion": "TX",
	"postalCode": "77504"
	},
	"telePhone": "713-472-5464",
	"openingHours": "Mo,Tu,We,Th,Fr,Sa 21:00-07:00",
	"geo": {
	"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
	"latitude": "29.665375",
	"longitude": "-95.192466"
	},
	"url": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/",
	"logo": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/site-logo.png",
	"image": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/king-of-cars-houston.jpg",
	"priceRange":"$$",
	"aggregateRating": {
	"@type": "AggregateRating",
	"ratingValue": "4.75",
	"ratingCount": "2"
	}
	}
	</script>

view raw localbiz-aggrating.jsonld hosted with by GitHub

Again, don’t put that on your home page. You can put the LocalBusiness stuff there, just remove the aggregateRating, like so:

	<script type="application/ld+json">
	{
	"@context": "http://schema.org",
	"@type": "AutoDealer",
	"name": "King of Cars",
	"address": {
	"@type": "PostalAddress",
	"streetAddress": "3401 Spencer Hwy",
	"addressLocality": "Pasadena",
	"addressRegion": "TX",
	"postalCode": "77504"
	},
	"telePhone": "713-472-5464",
	"openingHours": "Mo,Tu,We,Th,Fr,Sa 21:00-07:00",
	"geo": {
	"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
	"latitude": "29.665375",
	"longitude": "-95.192466"
	},
	"url": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/",
	"logo": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/site-logo.png",
	"image": "https://www.kingofcarstx.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/king-of-cars-houston.jpg",
	"priceRange":"$$"
	}
	</script>

view raw homepage-localbiz.jsonld hosted with by GitHub

Note: Every page with the aggregateRating score on it must either show all the reviews it references OR show the aggregated review score and clearly link to the page that contains the reviews.

You can do this however you like. In my implementation, I added a block like this to all the pages I put the aggregateRating schema on:

That’s it!

Did I miss anything? Any questions about implementing this on your site? Let me know in the comments!